12-27-2022, 01:47 PM
危害人類罪或反人類罪
https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%8D%...B%E7%BD%AA
危害人類罪[1][2]或反人類罪，舊譯違反人道罪[3]，於2002年7月1日生效的《國際刑事法院羅馬規約》將該罪名中文譯名確定為危害人類罪。規約中的定義為「是指那些針對人性尊嚴極其嚴重的侵犯與凌辱的眾多行為構成的事實。這些一般不是孤立或偶發的事件，而是出於政府的政策，或是實施了一系列被政府允許的暴行。如針對民眾實施的謀殺、種族滅絕、人體試驗、致病針劑實驗、酷刑、強姦、政治性的、種族性的或宗教性的迫害，以及其他非人道的行為」。[4]
Crimes against humanity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity
Not to be confused with War crime.
Crimes against humanity are widespread or systemic acts committed by or on behalf of a de facto authority, usually a state, that grossly violate human rights. Unlike war crimes, crimes against humanity do not have to take place within the context of war, and apply to widespread practices rather than acts committed by individuals.[1] Although crimes against humanity apply to acts committed by or on behalf of authorities, they need not be official policy, and require only tolerance rather than explicit approval. The first prosecution for crimes against humanity took place at the Nuremberg trials. Initially being considered for legal use, widely in international law, following the Holocaust a global standard of human rights was articulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). Political groups or states that violate or incite violation of human rights norms, as found in the Declaration, are an expression of the political pathologies associated with crimes against humanity.
https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%8D%...B%E7%BD%AA
危害人類罪[1][2]或反人類罪，舊譯違反人道罪[3]，於2002年7月1日生效的《國際刑事法院羅馬規約》將該罪名中文譯名確定為危害人類罪。規約中的定義為「是指那些針對人性尊嚴極其嚴重的侵犯與凌辱的眾多行為構成的事實。這些一般不是孤立或偶發的事件，而是出於政府的政策，或是實施了一系列被政府允許的暴行。如針對民眾實施的謀殺、種族滅絕、人體試驗、致病針劑實驗、酷刑、強姦、政治性的、種族性的或宗教性的迫害，以及其他非人道的行為」。[4]
Crimes against humanity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity
Not to be confused with War crime.
Crimes against humanity are widespread or systemic acts committed by or on behalf of a de facto authority, usually a state, that grossly violate human rights. Unlike war crimes, crimes against humanity do not have to take place within the context of war, and apply to widespread practices rather than acts committed by individuals.[1] Although crimes against humanity apply to acts committed by or on behalf of authorities, they need not be official policy, and require only tolerance rather than explicit approval. The first prosecution for crimes against humanity took place at the Nuremberg trials. Initially being considered for legal use, widely in international law, following the Holocaust a global standard of human rights was articulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). Political groups or states that violate or incite violation of human rights norms, as found in the Declaration, are an expression of the political pathologies associated with crimes against humanity.