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小 發表於 2007-7-2 16:41 只看該作者
   
ANCIENT CHINESE KING 'LED TRIP TO AMERICA' / 商朝人從大陸到美洲
ANCIENT CHINESE KING 'LED TRIP TO AMERICA' / 商朝人從大陸到美洲
http://www.goldenageproject.org.uk/124chineseking.html
Paul Sieveking
Sunday Telegraph - December 12th 1999
SCANDINAVIANS are preparing to celebrate the 1,000 years since Leif Ericsson sailed to the New World from Greenland. However, the idea that Norsemen were the first to reach America by sea is widely contested.
For instance, Mark McMenamin, a professor of geography and geology at Mount Holyoke College, Massachusetts, is convinced that the Carthaginians discovered America between 350 and 320 BC. In an issue of the Numismatic magazine, and at a meeting of the American Friends of Tunisia Association last May, he interpreted a series of puzzling gold coins of that period as depictions of the known world, which includes a land mass to the west of Spain.
Experts on ancient trade routes believe that the Carthaginians reached the coast of Brazil; Punic amphorae have been found underwater in a bay near Rio de Janeiro and 4th century BC Punic coins have been excavated at seven sites in the eastern United States.
American archaeological finds offer a riot of anomalies, including ancient coins and many epigraphic puzzles. The Bat Creek Stone from Tennessee bears a Hebrew inscription said to date from about the second century AD; an inscription found near Philadelphia and dated to 800-600 BC seems to be in Basque.
The maverick historian Farley Mowat has just published The Farfarers: Before the Norse, in which he argues that the first Europeans to reach America were “Albans” who set off from the north of Scotland in the 8th century AD in search of walrus ivory. The 78-year-old Canadian author maintains that the remains of long houses far above the tree-line in northern Quebec were built by these immigrants. His 36 books on the life, history and ecology of North America have sold 15 million copies, and he shrugs off the scorn of conventional historians.
Evidence suggests that America has long been visited both across the Atlantic and the Pacific. The earliest human remains yet discovered in the New World, the skeleton of a young woman found in Brazil and carbon-dated to 11,500 years, shows distinct Australoid features ( 棕色人種 ), while the 9,300-year-old Kennewick Man from Washington State most closely resembles Polynesians ( 玻里尼西亞 ) of the South Pacific.
In August Xinhua, the Chinese press agency, reported that similarities between almost 300 markings found on pottery, jade and stone at unspecified ancient native sites in central America closely resemble 3,000-year-old Shang dynasty characters for the sun, sky, rain water, crops, tress and stars. American and Chinese pictographs in 56 matching sets were shown to senior academics at a symposium in Anyang, former capital of the Shang dynasty.
These impressive similarities add fuel to theories that Chinese arrived in the Americas before the end of the Shang dynasty in 221 BC. Shang legends state that a king led his people on a journey to the east, with some historians believing that he took them across the Bering Strait (白令海峽) to North America.
The Chinese classic, the Shan Hai King of about 2250 BC, contains what seems to be an accurate description of the Grand Canyon. Peanuts and maize have been found at ancient Chinese sites dating back to 3000BC. The orthodox view is that neither of these plants left their native America before their export by European colonists in 16th century AD.
In AD 499, a Chinese monk, Hui Shen, returned to China claiming to have spent 40 years in the land of “Fu Sang”. He left a record of the country he visited, which has been recorded in official histories – a land thought by some modern scholars to be ancient Mexico.
Then there is the 3,000-year-old pottery found on the Valdivian coast of Ecuador, decorated and incised in exactly the same way as pottery from the Jomon area of Japan, and not preceded in Ecuador by plainer and simpler bowls and urns.
Paul Sieveking is editor of Fortean Times.
最早在美洲的是棕色人種 / Australoid。
棕色人種
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A3%95%E8%89%B2%E4%BA%BA%E7%A7%8D
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棕色人種主要分佈在澳洲、新西蘭以及南太平洋的島嶼上。也有人將他們劃為黑色人種。他們比黃種人和白種人更晚與黑種人分支出來。
棕色人種皮膚為棕色或巧克力色,頭髮棕黑色並且卷曲,鼻子寬,口鼻部前突,鬍子和體毛髮達。
Australoid
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australoid
Australoid is a broad racial sub-classification of Australasian peoples having dark skin with straight/wavy hair in the case of Aboriginal Australians or hair ranging from straight to kinky in the case of Melanesian and Negrito groups, they are defined by the anthropologist Carleton S. Coon. Some Melanesian and Aboriginal Australians have naturally blonde or brown hair. Australoid peoples range from areas of Southeast Asia (particularly the Philippines, Malaysia and Melanesia). The term can refer to, as the name implies, the aboriginal peoples of Australia and New Guinea. It has also sometimes been used to include the aboriginal blacks of Asia, once commonly known as Negritos. Skulls comparable to Australoid peoples have also been found in the Americas, leading to speculation that peoples with morphological similarities to modern Australoids may have been early occupants of the continent.[1][2] See also Pre-Siberian American Aborigines. Australoid global population is only 4%, making them have the lowest population of all races. [3].
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